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During RNAi, gene expression is inhibited by small interfering (si)RNAs, small hairpin (sh)RNAs or micro (mi)RNAs. RNAi has been used in several studies to identify genes critical for the survival of human cancer cell lines ( Cowley et al., 2014 Hadji et al., 2014 Hart et al., 2014 Morgens et al., 2016 Wang et al., 2015). One of the most popular methods utilized to reduce gene expression in cells is RNA interference (RNAi).
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If successful, this in turn could lead to new treatments for cancer patients. Future studies will determine whether this effect could be exploited to shrink tumors in animal models of cancer.
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These findings indicate that an RNAi off-target effect may actually be used to kill cancer cells. were able to study and then predict which siRNA sequences would be toxic to cancer cells. Further examination of the messenger RNA for CD95 and CD95L showed that they contain short sequences that are similar to those in the messenger RNAs of the genes that encode these survival proteins.
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This revealed that several messenger RNAs, other than those for CD95 and CD95L, were unintentionally being targeted, including many that code for proteins that cells need to survive. have now analyzed all of the siRNAs that can be made from the messenger RNAs for CD95 and CD95L to mediate RNAi in cancer cells. RNAi experiments are designed to be specific, but sometimes they can accidently target other non-target messenger RNAs. Both of these proteins are important in human cancer cells, and targeting them via RNAi killed cancer cells in an unknown mechanism that the cancer cells were unable to resist. Two proteins that have been studied in RNAi experiments are CD95 and its interaction partner CD95L. Since its discovery, scientists have exploited this process – called RNA interference (or RNAi for short) – and designed microRNA-like small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to target particular messenger RNAs and decrease the levels of the corresponding proteins in countless experiments. The messenger RNAs targeted by microRNAs are broken down inside the cell, which reduces how much protein can be produced from them. MicroRNAs are other short pieces of RNA that closely match sequences in parts of certain messenger RNAs. However, these messenger RNAs are not the only RNA molecules that cells can make. Some of this information will be copied into chemically similar molecules called RNAs, from which the sequence of letters in the genetic code can be translated to build proteins. United States Department of the Armyĭefendant / appellee: RYAN D.Cells store their genetic code within molecules of DNA. KH Īccess additional case information on PACERĪccess the Case Summary and Docket Report to access additional information about this case on the US Court's PACER system. Originating case number: 1:20-cv-01016-CMH-IDD. Informal response brief, if any: 14 days after informal opening brief served. McCarthy and United States Department of the Army. Kimere Kimball ĪPPEARANCE OF COUNSEL by Kimere J. McCarthy and United States Department of the Army to extend filing time for informal response brief until June 7, 2021.
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ORDER filed granting Motion to extend filing time Number of days granted: 14.
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McCarthy and United States Department of the Army that no brief will be filed. ORDER filed substituting party Christine Wormuth for Ryan D. This docket was last retrieved on July 23, 2021.